thiophene-2-carboxylate

Borax has many main uses. In ancient times, it has its own effects in many fields.
In the way of medicine, borax has the ability to clear away heat and reduce phlegm, detoxify and prevent corrosion. It can treat sores on the mouth and tongue. If a person suffers from this disease, the swelling and pain in the mouth and the frequent occurrence of ulcers, borax is used as medicine to make a powder and applied to the affected area, which can slow down the swelling and pain and promote healing. It is also used in the disease of sore throat, which makes it difficult to swallow and discomfort the throat. Borax can help clear away heat and clear the throat, and relieve the suffering of patients.
In the art of alchemy, borax also has its use. Alchemists use it as an auxiliary. In the process of alchemy, borax can help regulate the heat and promote chemical reactions. Due to the special chemical properties of borax, under high temperatures, it can react with other minerals to help refine ideal medicinal pills. Although the purpose of alchemy may be contrary to today's science, the role of borax in it cannot be ignored.
In the field of metallurgy, borax can be used as a flux. When smelting metals, the ore often contains impurities, and the addition of borax can reduce the melting point of the ore, so that the ore melts at relatively low temperatures, and the impurities are easier to separate from the metal, improving the purity and quality of the metal. In processes such as copper smelting and ironmaking, borax plays an important role in ensuring the smooth progress of the metallurgical process.
In daily use, borax is also useful. It can be used to make glass. In the glass manufacturing process, the addition of borax can improve the heat resistance, transparency and chemical stability of the glass. Made glass products, such as high-grade tableware, optical glass, etc., are of better quality and can meet different needs. And in the printing and dyeing industry, borax can be used as a mordant to help dyes adhere better to fabrics, making dyeing uniform and lasting bright colors.

Borax is a common mineral, and its physical properties are unique.
The color of borax is often white or colorless, and the shape is transparent like glass, and the luster is soft, like moonlight, which is very elegant. Its shape is mostly a block or granular aggregate, occasionally crystalline, just like a carefully carved crystal, shining in the light.
The hardness of borax is low, it can be scratched lightly by nails, or it can leave marks, and the texture is relatively soft. However, this property also makes it easy to process and shape in some processes. Its density is moderate, it feels calm, and it does not look like a frivolous thing, nor is it heavy and difficult to lift.
Borax has good water solubility, which can gradually dissolve in water and turn into a clear solution. This property is very useful in many fields, such as in traditional alchemy or pharmaceutical preparation, the solubility of borax makes it easy to mix with other substances and exert its unique effect.
The crystal structure of borax is orderly and regular, and this microstructure gives it unique physical properties, which also makes borax exhibit special properties in the optical field, such as refraction and scattering of light, making it exhibit unique optical phenomena.
The physical properties of borax make it useful in many aspects, from ancient crafts to medicine. It can be seen in the field of medicine. It is a precious mineral bestowed by nature on humans.

Sighs! Talking about the chemical properties of borax is actually an interesting topic in the field of chemistry. Borax, its chemical name is sodium tetraborate decahydrate, and its appearance is often colorless translucent crystals or white crystalline powder.
Borax has a significant water solubility, especially in hot water. This property makes borax used in many fields, such as in chemical production, using its good water solubility to participate in various chemical reactions.
Furthermore, borax has a certain alkalinity. Its aqueous solution is alkaline, and this chemical property also makes it unique in specific industries. In some industrial production processes, its alkalinity can be used to adjust the pH of the reaction system, thus ensuring the smooth progress of the reaction.
Borax also exhibits some unique chemical properties. When borax is heated, it gradually loses its crystalline water and undergoes a series of physical and chemical changes. As the temperature increases, its morphology and chemical structure will change. This property has applications in materials science and other fields. It can be used as an additive in the preparation of certain materials, affecting the properties and structure of materials.
In addition, borax can react with a variety of metal ions to form compounds with specific properties. These compounds play an important role in pigments, coatings and other industries, or can give products special colors and properties. In short, the chemical properties of borax are diverse and unique, and it has important applications in many fields. It is an indispensable substance in the chemical world.

Mercury is also a highly toxic thing. However, in the study of alchemy, the second part of mercury, that is, the synthesis of mercury acetate, the ancients also had many exquisite methods.
Ancient alchemists, who wanted the art of longevity, often involved in this way. One of the methods is to combine mercury and acetic acid. First take pure mercury, put it in a crucible, and slowly roast it over a slow fire to melt it. Then, slowly add acetic acid, and under a specific heat, the two interact. In this process, it is necessary to carefully observe the change of the shape of mercury. When mercury meets acetic acid, it is initially like oil droplets, and gradually blends with acetic acid. When its color turns light red and the texture is slightly thicker, it may have initially formed mercury acetate.
Another method is to mix mercury with acetate. The acetate stone is a long-term erosion of vinegar, rich in acetate. The mercury and the acetate stone are placed in a closed cauldron and slightly burned with charcoal fire. The cauldron needs to be tightly sealed to prevent the mercury gas from escaping. In the cauldron, the mercury and the acetate in the acetate stone slowly react. After a few days, when the cauldron is opened, if the mercury has turned into fine particles and is attached to the wall of the cauldron, it is slightly yellow in color, which may also be the embryonic form of mercury acetate.
Of course, mercury and its compounds are very toxic. Although the ancients studied the synthesis method, the method used was dangerous and harmful to the human body and the environment. Today's science, although there is also a synthesis method of mercury acetate, must be based on safety and environmental protection, which is very different from the ancient method.

"Tiangong Kaiwu" has a saying: "Naosha, people don't use it today, so I don't know." Naosha is acid, and its application has been involved in ancient times, and it can be found in many fields.
In the field of medicine, Naosha has medicinal effects. According to ancient medical records, it is hot in nature, salty, bitter, and poisonous. It can be used to break blood stasis and eliminate accumulation, soften and corrode. As mentioned in "Tang Materia Medica", it can treat choking diaphragm and nausea, and starvation cannot be eliminated. Ancient physicians would use it cautiously to prepare dosage forms such as pill powder and paste pills to treat specific diseases.
In the field of metallurgy, Naosha is also useful. In the process of metal smelting, it can be used as a flux. Due to the fact that the cauldron sand can react with certain metal oxides at high temperatures, it can reduce the melting point of the ore, making it easier for the metal to be separated from the ore, thereby improving the smelting efficiency and metal purity. In ancient metal processing such as coinage and weapon building, it may have applications to help craftsmen improve the quality of metal products.
In the field of alchemy, cauldron sand is very popular with alchemists. In the process of alchemy, alchemists believe that cauldron sand can react specially with other drugs, helping it to refine the so-called elixir that can prolong life and turn stone into gold. Although its cognition is limited, it also reflects the important position of cauldron sand in ancient alchemy activities.
In addition, in some ancient dyeing, leather processing, and other industries, sands were also used for special treatment processes, such as assisting in the better adhesion of dyes to fabrics, or playing a specific role in the leather tanning process, but the relevant records are scattered and need to be further studied.