3-Thiophenecarboxylic acid

3-Hydroxybutyric acid has a wide range of main uses. In the field of medicine, it can act as an anesthetic. Because it has a certain soothing effect on the body's nervous system, in specific surgical scenarios, it can help patients relax their bodies and minds, reduce pain during surgery, and ensure smooth and orderly operation.
In the field of biosynthesis, 3-hydroxybutyric acid is a key precursor substance. Under specific environmental conditions, many microorganisms can use their own metabolic pathways to synthesize polyhydroxy fatty acid esters (PHA) with biodegradable properties based on 3-hydroxybutyric acid. This material is very useful in many industries such as packaging, medical treatment, etc., such as the production of degradable packaging materials, which are of great significance in relieving the severe environmental pressures of the present.
At the level of scientific research, 3-hydroxybutyric acid is also an important research object. Researchers hope to further clarify the basal metabolic mechanism of organisms through in-depth investigation of its metabolic process and physiological function, and also find new ideas and targets for the development of new drugs and the treatment of related diseases.
In the field of industrial production, some processes use 3-hydroxybutyric acid to participate in the synthesis of specific compounds. Due to its special chemical structure, it can be converted into products with different properties and uses through a series of chemical reactions, providing assistance for the diversification of industrial products.
In short, although 3-hydroxybutyric acid may seem ordinary, it plays an important role in many important fields and has a profound impact on human life and the development of science and technology.

3-Hydroxybutyric acid is an organic compound. Its physical properties are as follows:
This substance is a colorless to light yellow viscous liquid at room temperature and pressure, and it smells slightly special. Its melting point is quite low, about -90 ° C. Such a low melting point causes it to appear as a liquid at ordinary ambient temperatures. The boiling point is relatively high, about 207 ° C. This characteristic indicates that a higher temperature is required to make it boil into a gaseous state.
3-Hydroxybutyric acid can be miscible with water in any ratio. Due to the presence of hydroxyl groups in the molecule, this group can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, which greatly enhances its solubility in water. In addition, it also exhibits good solubility in some common organic solvents, such as ethanol and ether. Due to the principle of similar miscibility, its molecular structure is similar to those of these organic solvents.
Its density is slightly higher than that of water, about 1.13g/cm ³, which means that after mixing it with water and letting it stand, it will sink to the bottom of the water. From the appearance, pure 3-hydroxybutyric acid liquid is clear and transparent, but if it contains impurities, it may be slightly cloudy. Due to its physical properties, it has specific applications in chemical, pharmaceutical and other fields. However, it should be noted that 3-hydroxybutyric acid is also a regulated chemical, and illegal use and trade are prohibited by law.

There are many methods for synthesizing 3-ethyl butyric acid, which will be described in the following.
One of them is to use succinic anhydride as a starting material. First, the succinic anhydride ethanol is reacted under the appropriate conditions to generate diethyl succinate. This step requires precise control of the reaction rate to make the reaction rate sufficient. However, under the action of gold ethanol, diethyl succinate is ketogenically decomposed to obtain 3-ethoxycarbonyl butyrate ethyl ester. In this reaction, the amount of gold and the degree of water in the environment are all very important. Most importantly, 3-ethoxycarbonyl butyrate ethyl ester is hydrolyzed under acidic conditions to obtain 3-ethyl butyric acid. < Br >
Second, ethyl acrylate can be started from ethyl acrylate. In the presence of a catalytic catalyst, formaldehyde is synthesized to form 3-methyl-4-pentenoic acid ethyl ester. In this step, the amount of the catalytic catalyst is very large. And then, 3-methyl-4-pentenoic acid ethyl ester is catalyzed and added. Carbon carbon is the original, and ethyl butyrate 3-ethyl butyrate is obtained. The most hydrolysis, removal of ethyl ester, can obtain the target 3-methyl butyric acid.
Furthermore, diethyl malonate with acetaldehyde can also be used as a raw material. Under the catalysis of alcohol, the reaction of Knoevenagel is produced to produce diethyl 2-methylmalonate. Diethyl 2-methylmalonate is hydrolyzed in an oxidized solution, acidified and carboxylate are added to produce 3-butenoic acid. 3-butenoic acid can be obtained by boronizing the original 3-butenoic acid. In this synthesis path, the control of each step is harsh, and careful operation is required to improve the efficiency.

In today's market, the price of 3-carboxybutyric acid is quite difficult to determine. The price often changes due to various reasons, such as the abundance of supply, the amount of purchase, the difficulty of production, and the rise and fall of the market.
If the supply is abundant, the market is abundant, and the buyer is scarce, the price may tend to be low. On the contrary, if the supply is scarce, the price will rise.
And the difficulty of production is also the main reason. If the production method is complicated and requires a lot of materials and working hours, the cost will be high, and the price will follow. On the contrary, if the production is simple, the cost will drop and the price will also fall.
And the rise and fall of the market has a deep impact on its price. When the market is prosperous and various industries are prosperous, the demand for 3-carboxybutyric acid may increase, and the price will also rise accordingly. If the market is depressed, the demand is not strong, and the price is difficult to be high.
According to common sense, the price of 3-carboxybutyric acid is between tens and hundreds of dollars per unit. However, this is only a rough figure, and the actual price depends on the market conditions at that time. It may fluctuate from time to time, or vary from place to place, and it cannot be generalized. People in the city often need to judge the situation and observe changes in the market in order to obtain its fixed price and make a living.

3-Alkyl propionic acid is an important chemical compound. It is important to pay attention to the important things in the process of storage.
The first heavy storage environment. This compound is suitable for use in the room and through the room. Due to high temperature, or its chemical activity, it is like a chemical. And it is well-passed, it can avoid evaporation and reduce the risk of ignition. If the room is damp, or 3-Alkyl propionic acid absorbs moisture and affects its temperature, the dryness of the room should not be ignored.
In addition, it is necessary to pay attention to the isolation of other objects in the room. This product has certain chemical properties and cannot be mixed with oxidizing, original, acid, etc. Because of the connection, it is easy to cause chemical reactions, or cause physical reactions, or even worse, or cause severe reactions, endangering safety.
If it is difficult to do so, the packaging must be effective. It is necessary to use suitable packaging materials to ensure that they do not leak during the transportation. And it is necessary to be equipped with fire-fighting equipment and emergency treatment of leakage, so as not to worry. It is also subject to construction, and is familiar with the properties of 3-propionic acid and emergency treatment methods.
In the transportation, it is best to prevent exposure, rain, and avoid high temperatures. In summer, it is recommended to avoid high temperatures in the morning and evening. The road is densely populated or important road sections, especially careful to avoid accidents.
Therefore, the storage of 3-yl propionic acid should be carried out according to the operation and re-use, so as to ensure the safety of its products and avoid hazards.