1-benzothiophene-3-ol

"Tiangong Kaiwu" is a scientific and technological masterpiece written by Song Yingxing in the Ming Dynasty. The book elaborates on the physical properties of various things. However, there is no exact entry for "silkworms and crabs and mussels", so according to the relevant content and traditional cognition, I try to answer this question with the ancient text for you.
Silkworms, whose silk is soft and tough, are vomited by silkworms. Silkworms eat mulberry from childhood, and after several molts, they become cocoons when ripe. The cocoon silk is slender and coherent, and the silk of each cocoon can reach a length of one kilometer. The silk has excellent flexibility and luster, which is caused by its structure. Silk is composed of protein, and the molecules are arranged in an orderly manner, so it can be woven into silk and satin, which is soft and elegant, and feels warm to the touch. It is selected for clothing, and has the effect of warm in winter and cool in summer. The ancients cherished it and regarded it as a valuable fabric raw material.
Crab clam, the crab shell is strong and hard, and its shell is rich in calcium and other substances, which can protect its body in water. Crab meat is tender, delicious, and its nature is cold. The claws of the crab are thick and powerful, which can ward off enemies and prey. The action is more rampant, because its leg joints have a special structure, which is conducive to lateral movement.
The clam has two shells, which open and close freely. There are pearls inside, which are wrapped in layers by secretions when foreign bodies invade. The pearl is round and shiny, with decorative and medicinal value. The meat of the mussel is edible and rich in nutrients. It lives in fresh water or shallow seas and lives on plankton in filtered feed water. The shell is hard and can protect the soft body. Due to the special structure of the shell, it can adapt to changes in water flow and water pressure.
Silkworms, crabs, and mussels are all natural things. Due to their unique physical properties, they have their own uses in the life and production of the ancients. They are treasures bestowed by nature on mankind.

Mercury, a metallic element commonly known as mercury, is liquid at room temperature and pressure, and is the only liquid metal. Mercury and its compounds have many unique chemical properties:
- ** Redox **: Mercury has certain reducing properties and can be oxidized by strong oxidants. For example, when mercury is heated with oxygen, mercury oxide ($2Hg + O_2\ stackrel {\ Delta }{=\!=\!=} 2Hg O $) is formed. Mercury oxide is easily decomposed into mercury and oxygen when heated, which shows its redox reversibility under different conditions. At the same time, mercury can displace certain metal ions from its salt solution, such as reacting with silver nitrate solution, mercury replaces silver ($Hg + 2AgNO_3 =\!=\!= Hg (NO_3) _2 + 2Ag $), reflecting the reductivity of mercury.
- ** Reaction with acid **: Mercury does not usually react with non-oxidizing acids such as dilute hydrochloric acid and dilute sulfuric acid because its metal activity is after hydrogen. However, mercury can react with oxidizing acids such as concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid. For example, mercury reacts with concentrated nitric acid to form mercury nitrate, nitrogen dioxide and water ($Hg + 4HNO_3 (concentrated ) =\!=\! = Hg (NO_3) _2 + 2NO_2\ uparrow + 2H_2O $); reacting with dilute nitric acid produces mercury nitrate, nitric oxide, and water ($3Hg + 8HNO_3 (dilute ) =\!=\!= 3Hg (NO_3) _2 + 2NO\ uparrow + 4H_2O $).
- ** Form amalgam **: Mercury can form alloys with most metals, which are called amalgams. When sodium is added to mercury, sodium amalgam is formed. The formation of amalgam is often accompanied by changes in physical properties, which are widely used in metallurgy and other fields, such as the extraction of precious metals such as gold and silver. Stability of
- ** Compounds **: Some mercury compounds are not stable. Like mercury oxide, it decomposes easily when heated; while mercury sulfide (cinnabar) is relatively stable and does not react easily with common chemicals at room temperature and pressure, which is one of the reasons why cinnabar can be preserved for a long time. Mercury sulfide reacts with oxygen in air to form sulfur dioxide and mercury ($HgS + O_2\ stackrel {\ Delta }{=\!=\!=} Hg + SO_2 $).

Mercury is a highly toxic substance, and alchemists want to combine it, and there are many wonderful methods. There are about the following common methods for combining mercury.
One is the method of combining mercury with sulfide. Take sulfur, put it in the alchemy cauldron, and heat it slowly, until it melts into a liquid state. At this time, the activity of sulfur increases greatly. Then slowly add mercury, and when the two meet, a wonderful transformation occurs. Sulfur and mercury attract each other, like glue and paint, and gradually form black mercury sulfide. Then calcined with martial fire, the impurities in it evaporate, and the black mercury sulfide is calcined and turned red, which is cinnabar. The color of cinnabar is bright and dazzling, and the stability is greatly enhanced compared with mercury, and the toxicity is also reduced.
The second is the method of metal replacement of mercury. The ancients found that when certain metals meet mercury salts, mercury can be precipitated. If a copper vessel is used to hold a mercury salt solution, copper is more active than mercury, so mercury is replaced from its salt solution. This process is like bullying the weak, mercury is driven out and attached to the copper vessel. After careful separation and purification, pure mercury can be obtained.
The third is the method of heat decomposition of mercury. The ancients knew that some minerals containing mercury can decompose mercury after high temperature heating. For example, cinnabar, put it in a special pill furnace, seal it, and calcine it at high temperature. Under the high temperature in the furnace, the structure of the cinnabar disintegrated, and the mercury escaped in a gaseous state, and then condensed into liquid mercury, which was collected for later use.
All kinds of mercury synthesis methods, although under the conditions of the time, showed the wisdom of the ancients, but mercury was toxic, and the operation was a little careless, which would endanger life. At that time, alchemists were mostly pursuing longevity and did not hesitate to take risks. They continued to explore the chemical synthesis techniques of mercury, leaving precious experience for the development of later generations of chemistry.

The serpent is also a fantastical image, which is more common in coastal areas, by the banks of the great river, or between the vast deserts.
In the coastal areas, the water vapor is dense, the air is moist, and when the sunlight is refracted and reflected, mirages often appear. On the surface of the sea, there are times when Qionglou jade, pavilions and pavilions are in the shape of an immortal palace coming to the world, which is beautiful. This is because the warm and humid air on the sea surface interacts with the cold air below, and the light twists and turns and changes, so this spectacle is formed. Fishermen go out to sea, and when they see it occasionally, they often think it is a sign of miracles.
In the land of the great river, there is also the wonder of mirages. Water vapor rises in the swamp, the fog is filled, and the sun shines through it, and the scene is In the past, pedestrians passed by the waterfront, and suddenly saw the houses in front of them, and the smoke curled. They thought that they could find a place to stay in a village, and they rushed towards it, and when they were near, they disappeared into thin air, and it was known as a mirage.
As for the desert, the climate is dry and hot, the ground is unevenly heated, and the air density varies greatly. At this time, the image of a lake and oasis often appears in the distant sky, and travelers look at it, thinking they are saved. Then they speed forward, and the illusion dissipates, increasing disappointment. Because the hot air is above, and the cold air is below, the light is fully reflected, causing the mirage to take shape.
The mirage field, although very fantastic, is caused by the phenomenon of natural physics. Binhai, Daze, and desert, due to their unique geographical environment and climatic conditions, have become frequent places for mirages to appear, causing viewers to marvel at the wonders of heaven and earth.

In today's world, the market situation and prospects of garlic and chives are related to people's livelihood, and also involve the industry of agriculture and commerce.
Garlic is warm in nature, has seasoning and medicinal properties, and is a commonly used seasoning in the diet. It removes odor and enhances taste. The world depends on it. In the past, the market price of garlic fluctuated from time to time. In good years, if the output increases greatly, the price may decline; in disaster years, the harvest is damaged, and the price rises. And the cultivation of garlic is controlled by factors such as weather, geographical location, and human planning. There are always droughts, floods, frost and hail disasters in the sky, and the geographical location is related to the suitability of the soil and climate. People's planning depends on the planting methods of farmers and the management strategies of merchants. In recent years, the garlic market may be caused by the speculation of hot money, causing prices to rise and fall sharply, causing garlic farmers and garlic merchants to be disturbed by it. Looking at it from a long distance, the demand for garlic will always exist, and it will be indispensable in the catering, medicine and other industries. In time, if market supervision is effective and planting planning is reasonable, the garlic market will be able to stabilize and move forward steadily according to the law of supply and demand.
Leek is also a common product in vegetables. Chives are edible in all seasons, fresh and tender in spring, and fragrant in autumn. They can be fried, boiled or mixed. Their unique taste is common on people's tables. Although they are not as common as chives, they also have a specific flavor, which is quite popular in some regions. The cultivation of chives is easier and has a short cycle, but its market prospects are also related to many factors. First, consumers' preferences change, if the dietary trend changes, the demand for chives may increase or decrease; second, market competition, with a wide variety of vegetables, chives need to compete with other vegetables; third, costs and circulation, agricultural prices, transportation costs, etc., all affect their final selling price and market share. However, with its unique taste and ease of planting, it must have a place in the vegetable market. As long as we can grasp the market dynamics, optimize planting and marketing, its future is also promising, and it can occupy a certain proportion in the vegetable market stably, providing nourishment for people's livelihood.