1,3-Thiazole-2-carbaldehyde

"Tiangong Kaiwu" says: "All kinds of sugar, rice, wheat, millet, millet, corn, and sorghum (sorghum), can be used for it." Caramel, also known as maltose, has a wide range of main uses.
In diet, caramel is often used as a sweetener. In ancient times, ingredients and condiments were not as rich as they are today. Caramel is widely used in various food production due to its own sweetness. For example, when making cakes, adding caramel can make the texture of the cake softer, add a sweet flavor, and enhance the taste. Like traditional sugar cakes, caramel gives it its unique sweetness, making it a much-loved snack. In the field of brewing, caramel also plays a key role. During the brewing process, it provides sugar for microbial fermentation and helps to produce alcohol. For example, in the brewing of some rice wines, caramel can adjust the fermentation speed and degree, improve the quality and flavor of the wine, and make the rice wine taste more mellow and aroma more intense.
In the field of medicine, caramel also has medicinal value. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that caramel has a sweet taste, warm nature, and returns to the spleen, stomach, and lung meridians. It has the effect of nourishing the middle and nourishing qi, relieving pain, moisturizing the lungs and relieving cough. For epigastric pain caused by spleen and stomach deficiency, caramel can play a role in relieving pain; for lung dryness and cough, its moisturizing, lung and relieving cough can relieve symptoms. For example, the classic prescription Xiaojianzhong soup, caramel is an important part, used to warm the middle and replenish deficiency, and to calm down.
In summary, caramel plays an important role in diet, brewing, medicine, etc., and is a rather important substance in ancient times.

"Tiangong Kaiwu", mercury is also mercury. Its nature is good flow, under room temperature, it is liquid, white as silver, and its luster is eye-catching.
The specific gravity of mercury is quite large, even more so than ordinary metals. When placed in a container, it has a flowing state, like silver liquid pouring. Its quality is soft, although it is liquid, it feels dignified to the touch.
Mercury is volatile and can gradually turn into a gaseous state in the air. This property also needs to be careful. And mercury is highly toxic. If it is accidentally touched or inhaled, it can hurt people's organs and harm their health.
The melting point of mercury is extremely low, about minus 39 degrees Celsius. It can still maintain a flowing state when cold but not condensed. And its boiling point is not very high, about 357 degrees Celsius, with a little heating force, it will turn into steam and rise.
Mercury in metals has unique properties and is not homomorphic with common metals. It exists in a liquid state and has many specific properties. It is useful in alchemy, medicine, metallurgy and other techniques. However, due to its toxicity, it should be used with extreme caution.

Acetaminophen, its chemical properties are determined. Acetaminophen, also known as aminophen, is commonly used to relieve pain. Among its molecules, it contains acetaminophen groups, which interact with each other, giving it its specific properties.
In terms of its chemical activity, acetaminophen is not easy to decompose or other intense chemical reactions on its own in the context of normal and specialized effects. The chemical energy distribution of its molecular parts is reasonable, so that the whole phase remains stable.
In acidic environments, the acidic components may have an impact on their partial transformation. However, in normal acidic to medium acidic environments, acetaminophen can still maintain the integrity of the basic solution. Under acidic and high-end components, acetaminophen may cause reactions such as hydrolysis of acetyl groups, but this situation does not occur in normal use and survival.
In the acidic environment, the qualitative quality of acetaminophen is slightly lower than that of acidic environments, but it can still be maintained at a certain level under ordinary weak conditions. If the properties are increased, acetaminophen groups are more likely to be hydrolyzed, breaking their original properties and affecting their effectiveness.
As for the oxidizing agent, acetaminophen is not easy to be oxidized or oxidized by ordinary oxidizer or original oxidizer under normal conditions. Its antioxidant ability comes from the distribution of molecular daughter clouds, which makes it easy for external oxidizer to attack its molecules.
And under general storage conditions, such as in the dark, dry, and normal environments, acetaminophen can maintain its chemical properties, so it can be effectively preserved and has its own effects in use.

The method of copper and zinc alloys recorded in "Tiangong Kaiwu" is very delicate. To make copper and zinc alloys, one method is: to smelt calamine (mainly containing zinc carbonate) with copper. Prepare calamine first, crush it into a powder, place it in a crucible, supplement it with charcoal, and heat it for calcination. Calamine decomposes when heated, zinc carbonate turns into zinc oxide and carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide escapes, zinc oxide is reduced by charcoal, and zinc gas is obtained. At that time, copper is melted into liquid, zinc gas enters the copper liquid, and the two dissolve. After condensation, copper and zinc alloys are obtained.
The second method may be to smelt zinc first. Mix calamine with coal, put it in a closed tank, and heat it to a high temperature. Zinc is reduced out, and zinc is collected by condensation. Then, copper and zinc are placed in a crucible in an appropriate proportion, heated and fused to obtain a copper-zinc alloy.
As for the ratio, it depends on the properties of the required alloy. If you want the alloy to be hard and brittle, you can slightly increase the proportion of zinc; if you want the alloy to be soft and tough, you should reduce zinc and increase copper. When refining alloys, the control of the heat is the key. If the fire temperature is too high, zinc is easy to evaporate and dissipate, resulting in alloy composition imbalance; if the fire temperature is insufficient, copper and zinc are difficult to fuse evenly. Experienced craftsmen are required to carefully observe the changes in the heat and adjust it in a timely manner to form a copper-zinc alloy of high quality.

The Book of Heavenly Works and Open Things says: "Where iron is smelted into a tool, take the iron that has been fried and cooked. First cast the iron into an anvil, thinking that it is a place to be hammered." However, when it comes to iron, the price of sheep and hog is not detailed in the book.
Looking at the ancient market, the price of sheep and hog often varies according to time, place and quality. In a good year, the grain is low, and the food of hog is easy to eat, and the price may be slightly reduced; in sorry years, the grain is expensive, and the cost of raising hog increases, so the price will rise. The same is true for sheep, and if there is an epidemic, the stock of sheep and hog is small, and the price will be high.
In the prosperous part of the city, the city is crowded and the demand is If the frontier area, sheep and hogs thrive and are in sufficient supply, the price should be slightly lower.
In the past, the best hogs were worth 30 to 50 yuan per catty; for ordinary ones, they were worth about 20 yuan. The price of sheep, depending on the size of the fat and thin sheep, or the fat and big sheep, each head was worth 300 to 500 yuan; the price of small sheep and thin sheep should be halved. However, this is only an approximate number, and it is difficult to generalize. The market changes rapidly, and the price often fluctuates with many reasons.